The concept of prebiotics which were first defined by Gibson-Roberfroid in 1995 as “non-digestible food ingredients that beneficially affect the gut by selectively stimulating the growth and activity of one or a limited number of bacteria in the colon, that can improve host health”.
The function of pre-biotics therefore is to specifically promote the growth and activity of desirable types i.e. Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli are major contributors to these benefits which consequently produces a relative reduction in undesirable types such as E.coli, klebsiella, clostridium and Candida albicons. Probiotics have been found to inhibit intestinal bacterial enzymes involved in the synthesis of colonic carsinogens.
A characteristic of all pre-biotics is that they escape digestion in the small intestine and are fermented in the large intestine by the microflora. This produces predominantly lactate, acetic, propionic and butyric and also the gases of hydrogen, methane and carbon dioxide.
As classical prebiotic oligosaccharides added in food, human milk oligosaccharides stimulate the proliferation of bifidogenic microflora in breastfed children, but have also other important roles in the local intestine immune system. Presently, standard prebiotics are largely used depending on their putative positive action on the host’s health. For these reasons, this new class of food ingredients has been added to human and domestic animals foods. Concerning carbohydrates, the term prebiotic may be ambiguous a lot of saccharidic compounds are present in feeding with or without prebiotic action.
Prebiotic oligosaccharides are noncariogenic, nondigestible and low calorific compounds stimulating the growth and development of gastrointestinal microflora described as probiotic bacteria.
Friday, April 25, 2008
Thursday, April 17, 2008
MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF SUN CHLORELLA
Chlorella propagated in slant cultures is transferred to flask, which are placed under artificial light and supplied with air containing carbon dioxide. The chlorella cells divide while undergoing photosynthesis. Each time the chlorella in the liquid culture medium rises to certain concentration, it is transferred to successively larger flasks where culturing continous. Chlorella grown indoors is moved outdoors, where it is allowed to culture in the natural environment. The chlorella continues propagating under the sun light in circular concrete pools with agitators. As the cocentration rises, the chlorella is moved to successively large pools. When seed cultures are ready, the chlorella is transferred to main culture pools which are 36 meters in diameter. Culturing in these pools is carried out by carefully controling the feed amount of culture medium containing the nutrient for chlorella cells in accordance with weather conditions. Water used in the culture pools is groundwater that originates in mountains over 3000 meters high. The water is free of contaminants and has low hardness. Chlorella grown in the main culture pools is harvested after attaining the prescribed concentration. Once of the foreign matters that have entered the pools during culturing is filtered out, the steps of dehydrating by centrifugal separators and washing are repeated. The chlorella is then filtered for the last time and verified its purity. It is finally ready to be concentrated. The cell wall pulverization manufacturing method developed by Sun Chlorella. Sun chlorella is processed through the unique heat-free Dyno-Mill process to break the though cell wall fibre and release the beneficial cell nucleus with all its food nutrients. This exclusive technology preserves the nutrients in chlorella while breaking up the highly indigestible chlorella cell wall without the use of heat and chemicals. Chlorella contains an enzyme called chlorophyllase that produces pheophorbide, a substance which causes photohypersensitivity. This process deactivates chlorophyllase and sterilizes the chlorella by mixing steam into the chlorella concentrate to accomplish a quick high-temperature treatment.
In general, the spray drying method is the widely used to dry chlorella. Raw chlorella easily decomposes, but can be stabilized when dried, allowing it to be preserved for a long time. In this method the concentrated chlorella solution is sprayed into a hot air steam, forming small droplets that dry instanly. The result is dried chlorella in powder form, having the appearance of vivid green seaweed or powdered green tea. Powdered chlorella is very stable and if preserved under suitable conditions will suffer a relatively minimum decline in quality even after several years. (Refference : www.cni.co.id ; www.sunchlorellausa.com).
In general, the spray drying method is the widely used to dry chlorella. Raw chlorella easily decomposes, but can be stabilized when dried, allowing it to be preserved for a long time. In this method the concentrated chlorella solution is sprayed into a hot air steam, forming small droplets that dry instanly. The result is dried chlorella in powder form, having the appearance of vivid green seaweed or powdered green tea. Powdered chlorella is very stable and if preserved under suitable conditions will suffer a relatively minimum decline in quality even after several years. (Refference : www.cni.co.id ; www.sunchlorellausa.com).
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